Systems Approach to Design
To cope with the growing demands and mounting sophistication of the sports men and to meet the regulations of sports bodies, associations and governments we use the "Systems Approach" for designing of new products. Described below is an overview systems approach to design.

The chart below illustrates one method of the Systems Approach to Design.




Conceptual Design Phase:
During Conceptual Design, the initial concept for the new machine or system is defined. User needs and performance requirements are identified, preliminary research and development efforts initiated, and the system is specified. The product of this phase is a set of preliminary system specifications.

Needs Definition
Under the Systems Approach to Design, efforts are made to identify all user needs and requirements, equipment performance specifications, regulatory constraints, market conditions, and other factors impacting the system's performance before the formal design process is initiated. These factors may include:

• User production or performance requirements or standards.
• Cost considerations.
• Manufacturing costs.
• Federal, State, and local regulations.
• Industry standards and practices.
• Component or materials availability.
• Sales potential and current market conditions.
• Research required for the application of new technologies and materials.

The needs defined during this period provide the foundation for the conceptual design of the new product.

Early Research And Development
During the Conceptual Design Phase, our designers may initiate focused research efforts to identify ways to reduce costs, improve the design, or enhance productivity. This research may address the use of new materials, better fabrication techniques or design innovations, use of emerging production techniques, analysis of competitor or available brands products.

Conceptual Design
After the completion of initial research, an early conceptual design of the product is developed. This process permits the engineers to integrate user requirements with available technology. It also allows development of an overview of what the system may look like prior to hard tradeoffs that must be made later. The conceptual design step output may take the form of a series of functional specifications along with a description of the machine. The conceptual design and related supporting materials will often serve as the basis for project go/no-go decisions.


Preliminary Design Phase
The design team next moves into the Preliminary Design Phase. During this phase, overall product requirements are integrated with available technology to produce detailed specifications for the new product. The output is a set of working system specifications. The following tasks are generally completed at this time.

Parts Analysis
A analysis is completed to develop detailed specifications for all parts of the product.

Parts Integration
All the parts are integrated with the preliminary product specifications to produce the preliminary product design.

Reliability, Availability, Maintainability (RAM) Tradeoffs
RAM design tradeoffs are conducted at this point in the design. Component reliability is researched and the higher performance components specified. This is followed by a availability of the selected components materials.

Design Optimization
Design Optimization consists of a series design tradeoffs intended to optimize overall design and for better performance, cost, delivery schedules, and other factors. This step is followed to finalize the preliminary design of the product so that detailed specifications can be developed.

Detailed Specifications
The last step in the Preliminary Design Phase is the preparation of detailed system design and performance specifications. The specifications may include:

• Overall product design and configuration.
• Listing of all components.
• Detailed performance specifications.
• Reliability, availability, and maintainability requirements of materials of all the parts.
  Manufacturing and delivery schedules.

Detail Design Phase
The Detail Design Phase includes completion of product design, production planning, prototype development, and final testing and evaluation. The output from this phase is a set of production-ready plans and specifications. The following functions are performed during this phase.

Product Design
Product design includes preparation of technical/engineering drawings for the new product.

Production Planning and Scheduling
Production planning is generally completed at this time. Availability of production resources, customer delivery requirements, scheduling of vendor-supplied components, and related actions are included. The output is the final project timeline and delivery schedule.

Prototype Development
A prototype is being developed. This prototype, or mockup, can be used for final testing and preproduction evaluation.

Prototype Testing and Evaluation
A carefully planned series of prototype tests and evaluations are done at this point. These tests are designed to:

• Ensure that the product meets design specifications and performance criteria.
• Identify design or technical problems prior to committing to production.
• Identify manufacturing problems or cost underestimates.
• Complete last-minute design modifications.